I ʻAukake, ua hoʻolaha nā mea kemika e hiki iā lākou ke hana i ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he hiki ʻole: e wāwahi i kekahi o nā mea haumia organik paʻa loa ma lalo o nā kūlana akahai. ʻO nā mea Per- a me polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS), i kapa pinepine ʻia he mau kemika mau loa, ke hōʻiliʻili nei i loko o ke kaiapuni a me ko mākou kino i kahi wikiwiki hopohopo. ʻO ko lākou kūpaʻa, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka pilina carbon-fluorine paʻakikī e uhaki, e hoʻolilo i ka PFAS i mea pono loa e like me nā uhi wai ʻole a me nā uhi nonstick a me nā huʻa ahi, akā ʻo ia hoʻi ke mau nei nā kemika no nā kenekulia. Ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau lālā o kēia papa nui o nā hui he mea ʻawahia.
Ua ʻike ka hui, i alakaʻi ʻia e ke kemika o ke Kulanui ʻo Northwestern ʻo William Dichtel a me ke haumāna puka ʻo Brittany Trang, i kahi nāwaliwali i nā waikawa perfluoroalkyl carboxylic a me ke kemika GenX, ʻo ia kekahi ʻāpana o kahi papa ʻē aʻe o PFAS. ʻO ka hoʻomehana ʻana i nā hui i loko o kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe e ʻoki ana i ka hui waikawa carboxylic o nā kemika; ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka sodium hydroxide e hana i ke koena o ka hana, e waiho ana i nā ion fluoride a me nā molekala organik maikaʻi ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kēia haki ʻana o ka pilina C-F ikaika loa ma 120 °C wale nō (Science 2022, DOI: 10.1126/science.abm8868). Manaʻolana nā kānaka ʻepekema e hoʻāʻo i ke ʻano hana e kūʻē i nā ʻano PFAS ʻē aʻe.
Ma mua o kēia hana, ʻo nā hoʻolālā maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka PFAS, ʻo ia ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā hui a wāwahi paha iā lākou i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe loa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nui o ka ikehu—ʻaʻole paha e holo pono loa, wahi a Jennifer Faust, he mea kemika ma ke Kulanui o Wooster. "ʻO ia ke kumu he mea hoʻohiki maikaʻi kēia kaʻina hana haʻahaʻa," wahi āna.
Ua hoʻokipa maikaʻi ʻia kēia ʻano hana hoʻokaʻawale hou i loko o ke ʻano o nā ʻike ʻē aʻe o 2022 e pili ana i ka PFAS. I ʻAukake, ua hōʻike nā kānaka noiʻi o ke Kulanui ʻo Stockholm i alakaʻi ʻia e Ian Cousins aia i loko o ka wai ua a puni ka honua nā pae perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka pae aʻoaʻo a ka US Environmental Protection Agency no kēlā kemika i loko o ka wai inu (Environ. Sci. Technol. 2022, DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02765). Ua ʻike ʻia ke aʻo ʻana i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o nā PFAS ʻē aʻe i loko o ka wai ua.
"Ua pau ka hana ʻana o PFOA a me PFOS [perfluorooctanesulfonic acid] no nā makahiki he ʻumi, no laila ke hōʻike nei ia i ko lākou paʻa mau," wahi a Faust. "ʻAʻole au i manaʻo e nui kēia." ʻO ka hana a Cousins, wahi āna, "ʻo ia ka piko o ka iceberg." Ua loaʻa iā Faust nā ʻano PFAS hou—nā mea i nānā ʻole ʻia e ka EPA—i loko o ka wai ua o US ma nā ʻano kiʻekiʻe ma mua o kēia mau hui hoʻoilina (Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts 2022, DOI: 10.1039/d2em00349j).
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-19-2022