I ʻAukake, ua hoʻolaha ka poʻe kemika e hiki iā lākou ke hana i ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he mea hiki ʻole ke hana: e wāwahi i kekahi o nā mea hoʻohaumia kūlohelohe mau loa ma lalo o nā kūlana haʻahaʻa.ʻO nā mea per- a me polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS), i kapa pinepine ʻia he mau kemika mau loa, ke hōʻiliʻili nei i loko o ke kaiapuni a me ko mākou kino i kahi wikiwiki weliweli.ʻO kā lākou mau lōʻihi, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka paʻa carbon-fluorine paʻakikī, e hoʻohana pono i ka PFAS e like me nā uhi wai a me nā nonstick a me nā pua ahi, akā ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻomau nā kemika no nā kenekulia.Ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau lālā o kēia ʻano hui nui he mea ʻawaʻawa.
ʻO ka hui, i alakaʻi ʻia e ka Northwestern University chemist William Dichtel a me ka haumāna haumāna puka puka ʻo Brittany Trang, ua loaʻa kahi nāwaliwali i ka perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids a me ka chemical GenX, kahi ʻāpana o kahi papa o PFAS.Hoʻomoʻa i nā mea hoʻohui i loko o kahi paʻi hoʻoheheʻe mai ka hui carboxylic acid;ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka sodium hydroxide e hana i ke koena o ka hana, e waiho ana ma hope o nā ion fluoride a me nā molekala kūlohelohe.Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kēia haki ʻana o ka paʻa C–F ikaika loa ma kahi 120 °C wale nō (Science 2022, DOI: 10.1126/science.abm8868).Manaʻo nā ʻepekema e hoʻāʻo i ke ʻano e kūʻē i nā ʻano PFAS ʻē aʻe.
Ma mua o kēia hana, ʻo nā hoʻolālā maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i ka PFAS ʻo ia ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā pūhui a i ʻole ka wāwahi ʻana iā lākou i nā wela kiʻekiʻe loa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nui o ka ikehu - ʻaʻole paha i maikaʻi loa, wahi a Jennifer Faust, he chemist ma ke Kulanui o Wooster."ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻohiki maoli ai kēia kaʻina haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa," wahi āna.
Hoʻokipa maikaʻi ʻia kēia ʻano hoʻopau hou i ka pōʻaiapili o nā ʻike ʻē aʻe 2022 e pili ana i ka PFAS.I ʻAukake, ua hōʻike nā mea noiʻi o ke Kulanui o Stockholm i alakaʻi ʻia e Ian Cousins i ka wai ua a puni ka honua i nā pae perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka pae ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo o ka US Environmental Protection Agency no kēlā kemika i ka wai inu (Environ. Sci. Technol. 2022, DOI: 10.1021 /acs.est.2c02765).Ua loaʻa i ka haʻawina nā kiʻekiʻe o nā PFAS ʻē aʻe i ka wai ua.
"Ua pau ka PFOA a me ka PFOS [perfluorooctanesulfonic acid] i ka hana ʻana no nā makahiki he mau makahiki, no laila e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻomau ʻana o lākou," wahi a Faust."ʻAʻole wau i manaʻo e nui kēia."ʻO ka hana a nā hoahānau, ʻōlelo ʻo ia, "ʻo ia ka piko o ka hau hau."Ua loaʻa ʻo Faust i nā ʻano hou o PFAS-nā mea i nānā ʻole ʻia e ka EPA-i ka wai ua US ma nā ʻano kiʻekiʻe ma mua o kēia mau pūhui hoʻoilina (Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts 2022, DOI: 10.1039/d2em00349j).
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-19-2022